Lesson 1 of 0
In Progress
Copy of Week 16 Day 4: The Historical Past Tense (Part 1)
In English, perhaps the most common tense used to express an action in the past is the simple past (preterit). However, in French, you will most likely use the perfect tense (or compound past). Did you ever wonder whether French has a “simple past” tense?
- The answer is “Yes and No.” French has a tense called the simple past, but it is not as simple as its name indicates. In fact, it is usually called the “historical past tense,” as it is mainly used in formal written text to talk about the past, such as in novels or history documents.
- The perfect tense is likely enough for you in conversation. However, to understand and be able to “feel” the beauty and romance of the French language, let’s explore the historical past tense.
First, let’s start with the conjugation of regular verbs.
- You will have to drop the endings in the infinitive mood to get the stem, then add the simple past endings.
Listen to Week 16 Day 4 Track 1
Verb ends with –er
Stem | Simple past endings | Simple past |
---|---|---|
parl- | ai | Je parlai |
parl- | as | Tu parlas |
parl- | a | Il / Elle parla |
parl- | âmes | Nous parlâmes |
parl- | âtes | Vous parlâtes |
parl- | èrent | Ils / Elles parlèrent |
Note: If the verb ends with –cer, you will need to change c into ç to keep the sound of the soft c.
Examples :
J’avançai.
Nous avançâmes.
Ils avancèrent.
Verb ends with –ir or –re
Listen to Week 16 Day 4 Track 2
Stem | Simple past endings | Simple past |
---|---|---|
fin- | is | Je finis |
fin- | is | Tu finis |
fin- | it | Il / Elle finit |
fin- | îmes | Nous finîmes |
fin- | îtes | Vous finîtes |
fin- | irent | Ils / Elles finirent |
It will also be useful for you to learn the conjugation of “avoir” and “être.”
Listen to Week 16 Day 4 Track 3
avoir | être |
---|---|
J’eus | Je fus |
Tu eus | Tu fus |
Il / Elle eut | Il / Elle fut |
Nous eûmes | Nous fûmes |
Vous eûtes | Vous fûtes |
Ils / Elles eurent | Ils / Elles furent |
- Here are a few tips for you:
- In FLE (French for Foreign Language) class, some teachers will say “if you read a French text, and encounter a verb that looks weird, think about the simple past (passé simple) tense.”
- In fact, only the endings of the simple past look “weird.” You can still recognize the stem as long as you know the verb.
- Therefore, learning the different types of simple past endings will help you to get acquainted with this “weird” tense step by step.
Speaking Practice 1
Dialogue
Additional Vocabulary for Historical Past Tense
Speaking Practice 2
A Quick Recap of this Lesson-
Un petit résumé de la leçon
- For verbs that end with –er: -ai, -as, -a, -âmes, -âtes, -èrent
- For verbs that end with –ir or –re:- is, -it, -imes, -ites, -irent