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Copy of Week 18, Day 3: The Quick Way to Express Past, Present, and Future

  • English

  • French

Today, we'll be talking about two things:

❑ A shortcut in French tenses

❑ Vocabulary about chores

Here's a question for you: if I offered you a quick way to express past, present, and future tense in French, would you grab it?

I don't have to be a rocket scientist to know what your answer is. Of course you would, right? Today, I'm happy to let you in on this secret: there is a shortcut you can use to express French tenses. You can use this with some verbs and expressions to talk about:

❑ An action/event that recently happened,

❑ An action that is still going on, and

❑ An action that is about to happen in the near future.

With all three, we will make use of the indicative form of the verbs.


I. Expressing recent past using the verb venir

❑ Venir is one of the most commonly used French verbs. It is an irregular verb, which basically means "to come," and it can be easily used to conjugate the recent past or convey the idea that you have just done something recently.

❑ To use venir in recent past, use the following formula:

   o The conjugated present form of 'venir' + de + the infinitive form of the action that recently happened.

❑ Venir de is the closest translation for the English word "just."

Examples using venir:

Listen to Week 18 Day 3 Track 1

Je viens Je viens de manger. (I just ate.)

Tu viens — Tu viens de manger. (You just ate.)

Il vient Il vient de manger. (He just ate.)

Nous venons — Nous venons de manger. (We just ate.)

Vous venez Vous venez de manger. (You just ate.)

Ils viennent — Ils viennent de manger. (They just ate.)

Speaking Practice 1

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II. Expressing the near future using the verb "aller" (Futur Proche)

❑ Aller can be used as a casual way to express the near future tense.

❑ Some French learners have trouble with futur proche and futur simple and their uses are often interchanged. Here are the differences:

  • The futur proche or near future makes use of the auxiliary aller, while the futur simple or simple future tense changes the ending of the infinitive and is formed by a single word.
  • Unlike the simple future, the near future is often used in informal speech and less in writing.
  • The near future is more immediate and refers to something that is about to happen at a closer time.
  • The simple future is more of a statement of something that the speaker is sure about.

 Example: "Il va tomber !" (He is going to fall!) versus "Il tombera!" (He will fall!)

❑ To use aller in near future, do the following:

The conjugated present form of 'aller' + the infinitive form of the action that is about to happen.

❑ Aller can be translated literally to mean "to be going to" in English.


Some examples using aller:

Listen to Week 18 Day 3 Track 3

Je vais Je vais partir dans cinq minutes. (I am going to leave in five minutes.)

Tu vas — Tu vas partir dans cinq minutes. (You are going to leave in five minutes.)

Il va — Il va partir dans cinq minutes. (He is going to leave in five minutes.)

Nous allons — Nous allons partir dans cinq minutes. (We are going to leave in five minutes.)

Vous allez Vous allez partir dans cinq minutes. (You are going to leave in five minutes.)

Ils vont Ils vont partir dans cinq minutes. (They are going to leave in five minutes.)

Speaking Practice 2

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III. Expressing ongoing action using the expression "être en train de"

❑ Unlike English, the French language does not have a direct counterpart of the present progressive verb form. The simple present tense is often used in French to mean both simple present and present progressive.

Example: Je parle, which literally means 'I speak,' can also be used to mean 'I am speaking.'

❑ To be more precise, you can use the French expression être en train de, which means to be _____ -ing or to be in the process of doing a certain action.

❑ To use être en train de to express an ongoing action, follow this format:

The conjugated present form of 'être' + en train de + the infinitive form of the action that is happening.

Examples:

Listen to Week 18 Day 3 Track 5

Je suis  Je suis en train de parler. (I am speaking (right now)).

Tu es  Tu es en train de parler. (You are speaking (right now)).

Il est — Il est en train de parler. (He is speaking (right now)).

Nous sommes — Nous sommes en train de parler. (We are speaking (right now)).

Vous êtes — Vous êtes en train de parler. (You are speaking (right now)).

Ils sont — Ils sont en train de parler. (They are speaking (right now)).

  • English

  • French

Quick note regarding the pronunciation in the audio: You might notice that in some of the sentences above, I used liaison in some case while in others, I do not. This is because the liaison rule in pronunciation is optional after the verbs être (to be) and avoir (to have).

Speaking Practice 3

  • English

  • French

Vocabulary about Chores

Are you ready for the second part of the lesson? Let's talk about something you do every day (that you may or may not particularly like). I'm talking about chores.
Since chores are so prevalent in our lives, let's take a look at vocabulary related to it.

Listen to Week 18 Day 3 Track 6

French EnglishFrench ExampleEnglish Example
propre CleanNous gardons toujours notre chambre très propre.We always keep our room very clean.
faire le ménage to clean upNous allons devoir faire le ménage ce week-end.We're going to have to clean up this weekend.
ranger les vêtements to put away the clothesAssurez-vous de bien ranger les vêtements dans l'armoire avant d'aller jouer. Make sure you put the clothes away in the closet before you go to play.
faire le litto make the bedTon frère fait les courses, il sait aussi cuisiner, mais il n'est pas très doué pour faire le lit !Your brother does the shopping, and he also knows how to cook, but he's not very good at making the bed!
nettoyer le lavabo to clean the sinkN'oubliez pas de nettoyer le lavabo ainsi que la baignoire.Don't forget to clean the sink as well as the tub.
passer l'aspirateur to vacuumNotre femme de ménage passe l'aspirateur sur les tapis régulièrement et les nettoie tout aussi régulièrement.Our housekeeper vacuums the carpets regularly and cleans them just as regularly.
dépoussiérer / épousseter to dustNous avons besoin de quelqu'un pour épousseter les meubles et cet endroit.We need someone to dust the furniture and this place.
nettoyer les vitres to clean the windowsJeanne a laissé sa petite sœur nettoyer les vitres à sa place.Jeanne let her little sister clean the windows for her.
laver la voiture to wash the carNous pouvons vous aider à laver la voiture si vous voulez.We can help you wash the car if you like.
vider la corbeille to empty the wastepaper basketJe viens de vider la corbeille ce matin.I have just emptied the wastepaper basket this morning.
mettre la table to set the tableLaissez les enfants vous aider à mettre la table et à nettoyer les verres. Let the children help you set the table and clean the glasses.
mettre le couvert to set the silverwareSi tu as fini tes devoirs, viens nous aider à mettre le couvert.If you've finished your homework, come help us set the silverware.
débarrasser la table to clear the tableVous avez oublié de débarrasser la table la dernière fois.You forgot to clear the table last time.
couper le pain to cut the breadJe voudrais couper le pain en forme de cube.I would like to cut the bread into a cube shape.
faire la vaisselle to do the dishesFaire la vaisselle n'est pas trop la spécialité de ton frère.Doing the dishes is not much of your brother's specialty.
essuyer les verres to dry the glassesEssuyez correctement les verres et les assiettes s'il vous plaît.Please, dry the glasses and plates properly.
essuyer la table to wipe the tableElle doit retirer les assiettes pour essuyer la table.She has to remove the plates to wipe the table.
vider les ordures to empty the garbageIl est temps de vider les ordures.It's time to empty the garbage.
sortir la poubelle to take out the trashIl oublie toujours de sortir les poubelles.He always forgets to take out the trash.
laver le linge to do the laundryJe dois laver le linge sale avant l'arrivée de maman.I have to do the laundry before mom arrives.
repasser les chemises to iron the shirtsJe vais repasser les chemises que je porterai demain.I'm going to iron the shirts that I'll wear tomorrow.
le jardinage gardeningLe jardinage était quelque chose que j'aimais faire pendant l'été.Gardening was something I enjoyed doing during the summer.
arroser les plantes / les fleurs to water the plants/the flowersN'oubliez pas d'arroser les fleurs tous les matins.Don't forget to water the flowers every morning.
couper l'herbe to cut the grassVous pouvez demander aux voisins pour couper l'herbe durant mon absence.You can ask the neighbor to cut the grass during my absence.
tondre la pelouse to mow the lawnIl a facturé 5 dollars juste pour tondre la pelouse pendant 2 heures.He charged 5 dollars just to mow the lawn for 2 hrs.
tailler les arbustes to prune the shrubsIl est recommandé de tailler les arbustes au début du printemps.It is recommended to prune the shrubs in early spring.
s'occuper des animaux to take care of the animalsLa plupart des enfants adorent s'occuper des animaux.Most children love to take care of the animals.
promener le chien to walk the dogTous les matins, je dois promener les chiens au parc.Every morning I have to walk the dogs at the park.
donner à manger au chat to feed the catDonner à manger au chat est la tâche ménagère que je préfère.Feeding the cat is my favorite household chore.
vider l'aquarium to empty the aquariumVous devez vider l'aquarium pour voir la fissure.You need to empty the aquarium to see the crack.
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Additional Vocabulary:

Listen to Week 18 Day 3 Track 8

French EnglishFrench ExampleEnglish Example
une promesse de campagnea campaign promiseElle a fait une promesse de campagne au sénateur.She made a campaign promise for the Senator.
un(e) candidat(e)a candidateElle est une bonne candidate pour essayer le poste.She's a good candidate to run for the office.
un membre de la droitea conservative, a person on the rightIl a toujours été un membre de la droite.He always has been a conservative.
un(e) délégué(e)a delegateIls éliront un délégué pour chaque équipe.They will elect one delegate for each team.
un(e) démocratea democratJe suis fondamentalement une démocrate.I am fundamentally a democrat.
un scandale a scandalCe qu'il a fait était simplement un scandale.What he did was simply a scandal.
un second mandat a second termNotre maire effectuera un second mandat.Our mayor will serve a second term.
un discours a speechIl était sur le point de faire un discours quand il a commencé à pleuvoir.He was about to make a speech when it started raining.
un sondage a survey, an opinion pollSa croyance de remporter les élections repose sur un sondage.His belief he will win the election is based on a poll.
un votea vote (of the individual)Nous devrions tous utiliser notre droit de vote lors des prochaines élections.We should all take a vote this coming election.
un(e) député(e)an MPLes mêmes limitations continueront de s'appliquer à un député.All the same limitations will still continue to apply to an MP.
un parlementaire (m/f) an MPCe député est un parlementaire expérimenté.This deputy is an experienced parliamentarian.
un(e) opposant(e)an opponentElle est une opposante redoutable dans la course à la présidence.She is a formidable opponent in the race for the presidency.
le scrutinballot, pollLa confidentialité du scrutin est essentielle.The privacy of the ballot is essential.
la citoyenneté citizenshipElle possède également la citoyenneté canadienne.She also in possesses Canadian citizenship.
affronter des problèmes confront problemsNous devons affronter les problèmes avec une attitude mentale positive.We should confront problems with a positive mental attitude.
la dictature dictatorshipLa Hongrie s'est courageusement soulevée contre la dictature.Hungary bravely rose up against dictatorship.
les affaires étrangèresforeign affairsElle est entrée dans les affaires étrangères au Collège.She went into foreign affairs in college.
la mondialisation globalizationIl est nécessaire d’étudier plus en profondeur les effets de la mondialisation.There was a necessity to study the effects of globalization in more depth.
Il incombe au gouvernement d'agir. It's up to the government to act.Il incombe au gouvernement d'agir sur la façon de régler ce problème.It's up to the government to act on how to deal with this issue.
les élections présidentiellespresidential electionsIl y aura un retard dans les élections présidentielles de cette année.There will be a delay in this year's presidential elections.
le chef d'État the Head of StateLe gouvernement a nommé un nouveau chef d'État.The government has appointed a new Head of State.

Speaking Practice 4

A Quick Recap of this Lesson-

Un petit résumé de la leçon


  • English

  • French

Today, you learned about the quick way to express past, present, and future action.

  • The irregular verbs venir and aller can be used to express the recent past and the near future.
  • The expression être en train de is used to talk about an ongoing action.
  • All three verbs and expressions are in their present forms when used in the recent past, the near future, and the progressive. They are commonly used in informal speech and they precede the infinitive form of the action being referred to.

You also learned about vocabulary related to doing chores.

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